Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.
Oxygen enrichment is believed to improve productivity and reduce fuel consumption, while gas fuel injection is assumed to improve the product yield and quality in iron ore sintering process. It is important to understand the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and gas fuel injection for combined usage of these two techniques. A mathematical model is …
The main air pollutants in the sintering process of iron ore are polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and harmful dust. Ore sintering on sinter strands is one of the first technology steps in the ironworks. It is a process in which iron ore is crushed, subjected to annealing and mixed with …
In this study, a sintering test of high-alumina limonite from Indonesia, matched with an appropriate magnetite concentration, is performed. The sintering yield and quality index are effectively improved by optimizing the ore matching and regulating the basicity. For the optimal coke dosage of 5.8% and basicity of 1.8, the tumbling index of …
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia. Corresponding to the …
The product ion of high strength iron ore sinter for blast furnace iron making unit was developed by optimizing the granulometry of less than − 0.150 mm fines in sinter base mix which consists of iron ore fines (− 10 mm size with 0.150 mm: 41%), beneficiation plant jig concentrate, i.e., washed ore (− 3 + 0.150 mm size with − 0.150 …
Through recent studies, it was found that iron ore sintering can be used to treat MSWI-FA(Gan et al., 2021). The use area of sintering machines in China has exceeded 160000 square meters, with an annual output of more than 1 billion tons of iron ore sinter, accounting for more than 60% of the global output(Ji et al., 2022).
The iron blast furnace is the most widely used and efficient producer of liquid iron; however, emissions from sintering and coking cause environmental pressure for the integrated steel works. The combustion of coke fines (breeze) during sintering contributes to greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide) and is a source of SO x and NO x emissions ...
Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm particle size, which possess the physical and metallurgical characteristics and gas permeability required for efficient blast furnace operation.As shown in Figure 14.1, iron ore sintering …
Coke breeze is the main heat source in sintering process. Its combustion yields enough amounts of heat which melts the sinter mix. One of the factors that significantly affect the course of coke breeze combustion is its grain size [1,2,3].It is known that fine-grained coke reduces permeability of the sinter mix and the use of coke breeze …
Mineral changes of Philippine and Indonesia nickel lateritic ores during the sintering and the mineralogy of their sinter were studied in present work.
In this study, a sintering test of high-alumina limonite from Indonesia, matched with an appropriate magnetite concentration, is performed. The sintering yield and quality index are effectively …
Nitrogen oxides in iron ore sintering2.1. Emission characteristics. It has been determined that it is almost impossible to replicate technologies of low NOx combustion from other industries for iron ore sintering. Sintering is distinct from a coal-fired furnace, as it involves the three-way coexistence of gas, solids, and liquids.
of the iron ore sintering process more important than ever. Sintering is a process by which a mixture of fine-grained iron ores (< 6.3 mm), fluxes, and coke are agglomerated in a sinter plant to manu-facture a sinter product of a suitable composition, quality, and granulometry to be used as burden material in the blast furnace. Key quality ...
Zinc extraction residue, a solid waste generated from the treatment of zinc-containing dust in rotary kilns, is commonly stockpiled in steel companies for extended periods. It poses significant disposal challenges and environmental pollution risks. So far, research on the treatment of zinc extraction residues has been slow, inadequate, and …
Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant Operations. satyendra; March 15, 2015; 8 Comments ; fluxes, Iron ore fines, SCFA, sinter, sinter plant. basic sinter, sintering machine,; Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant Operations Sintering is a process of agglomeration of fine mineral particles into a porous and lumpy mass by …
In the iron ore sintering process, air flow rate is a major factor in determining the flame front speed which in turn influences the sinter quality and productivity. In the present work, sintering characteristics of an Asia Pacific blend of Australian and Brazilian iron ores were extensively studied in an experimental sinter pot test system to ...
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.
Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slag-forming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the suitable ...
Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm …
Nitrogen oxides in iron ore sintering2.1. Emission characteristics. It has been determined that it is almost impossible to replicate technologies of low NOx combustion from other …
Flow diagram of iron ore sintering process [13] The mix is sintered on a continuous, traveling grate called a sinter strand, which consists of multiple trolleys whose number is specific for the given sinter strand [14] (Fig. 4). In the heat zone, where the temperature is from 1250 to 1320°C on average, fine grains 64 Patrycja Łechtańska and ...
Granulation of the sinter mix is an important step in the iron ore sintering process. Several experiments were conducted at the pilot scale to achieve the PI objectives before the …
The main air pollutants in the sintering process of iron ore are polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and harmful dust. Ore sintering on sinter strands is one ...
Sinter is the primary feed material for making iron in a blast furnace. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts fine-sized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.
Mineral changes of Philippine and Indonesia nickel lateritic ores during the sintering and the mineralogy of their sinter were studied in present work. A laboratory scale sintering pot was used to prepare the sinter samples. Thermo-gravimetric (TG) tests, differential thermal analysis (DTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) ex-
Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. …
A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process parameters using real valued genetic algorithm is described. The mathematical model is formulated based on mass and energy balances in gas and solid phases, which are represented by simple partial differential equations. ...
Sintering emissions and their mitigation technologies. L. Lu, ... X. Li, in Iron Ore, 2015. 18.1.1 Key gaseous emissions from sinter plants. Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process employed worldwide in the production of iron and steel. According to statistical data on pollution, sintering plants rank second in terms of toxic …
The inhomogeneous sinter properties in super-high bed sintering have been reported in our previous research. To investigate the reasons for the inhomogeneous phenomena, detailed sampling and analysis of mixed material bed and sintered bed in super-high bed sintering plant were executed. The results indicated that the higher …
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is …
Accepted Manuscript IRON ORE SINTERING: RAW MATERIALS AND GRANULATION Authors: D. Fernández-González 1, ... Association of Plastics Manufacture, Roskill Information Services and Roca pt 2005. ce In this way, the second assessment of the metals demand fallen is not reliable according to the historical data (930 Mt in 1999, …
The sintering process is a well-established process in use at integrated steel making plants. It consists of an agglomeration through an oxidizing/reducing fusion of iron ore fines (sinter feed) and fluxing agents (lime, limestone, etc.) as well as re-circulated materials (dust, sludge, etc.) at temperatures between 1200 °C to 1400 ° C. A carbon …
A study was carried out into the use of charcoal as a supplementary fuel in the iron-ore sintering process.The primary fuel was coke breeze and anthracite with 0, 10, 25, 50 and replacement of the energy input with charcoal to produce sinter. This was achieved by considering the carbon content of each fuel and its corresponding …