1.1. Calcium Signaling. Calcium (Ca 2+) is an established ubiquitous second messenger in eukaryotic systems.Plants perceive stimuli followed by an increase in intracellular Ca 2+ levels. The cellular processes involve spatial and temporal variations in the cytoplasmic or organellar Ca 2+ levels. The transient variations in Ca 2+ …
Agricultural machinery for planting loosens the soil, distributes seeds at consistent spacing, and firms the soil afterward. The most common planting machines …
Cuticle Biosynthetic Machinery Originated in the Last Common Ancestor of Embryophytes. To trace the origin of the cuticle biosynthetic machinery, we first selected 41 plant species covering all major plant lineages and identified orthologs of 32 components responsible for cuticle biosynthesis in their genomes (see "Materials and …
In the last decade, SUMOylation has emerged as an essential post-translational modification in eukaryotes. In plants, the biological role of SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) has been studied through genetic approaches that together with recent biochemical studies suggest that the plant SUMOyl …
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play diverse roles in intra- and extra-cellular signaling in plants as well as a range of developmental responses including differentiation, proliferation and death. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play diverse roles in intra- and extra-cellular signaling in plants. MAP …
In this study, we systematically reviewed the structure, composition, function and evolution of m6A regulatory machinery in plants. Such sequence comparative investigations on these m6A related components will aid in understanding the dynamic processes of m6A modification, as well as its functional roles. ...
Plant and Machinery Depreciation Rate as per the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation calculation as per the Companies Act, 2013 has been applicable since the financial year 2014-15. Companies need to calculate depreciation by an asset's cost, life and residual value per the Companies Act.
Abiotic stress induces several changes in plants at physiological and molecular level. Plants have evolved regulatory mechanisms guided towards establishment of stress tolerance in which epigenetic modifications play a pivotal role. We provide examples of gene expression changes that are brought abo …
The aerial epidermis of land plants is covered with a hydrophobic cuticle that protects the plant against environmental stresses. Although the mechanisms of cuticle biosynthesis have been extensively studied in model plants, particularly in seed plants, the origins and evolution of cuticle biosynthe …
If you work in the construction industry, chances are you would benefit from investing in plant machinery and equipment, such as excavators, cranes and dumpers, to enable your staff to work more effectively. But with a wide range of machinery, all designed to carry out specific jobs, it can be difficult to know which is best suited for your purposes and …
Identification of the genes involved in miRNA biogenesis machinery. Plant miRNA biogenesis has been widely studied in Arabidopsis. With all the information and data available in open access, analyzing and interpreting it have also become an important aspect. Hence, we have manually curated all the available information regarding the …
With hundreds of genes encoding proteases, plants are equipped with a large proteolytic machinery that irreversibly regulates the fate of proteins. This machinery has generally been viewed in a housekeeping role, serving to remove non-functional proteins and to release of amino acids for recycling.
miRNA biogenesis process is an intricate and complex event consisting of many proteins working in a highly coordinated fashion. Most of these proteins have been studied in Arabidopsis; however, their orthologs and functions have not been explored in other plant species. In the present study, we have …
Moreover, Nwugo and Huerta (2011) reported that in rice leaves, Si elevated the Cd tolerance by increasing the water use efficiency, carboxylation efficiency of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO), and light use efficiency. In general, the positive effect of Si on photosynthetic machinery might be due to lower uptake of …
The Significance of Plant Operations. Plant operations encompass the orchestration of various elements, from machinery and equipment to a skilled …
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Transferring equipment in large-scale manufacturing plants; Paper-cutting Machines. Paper-cutting machines are essential tools in the manufacturing industry, especially in sectors dealing with paper products, like publishing and packaging. These machines range from manual cutters to sophisticated automated systems, capable of …
Machinery relies on the infrastructure provided by the plant to operate effectively, while the plant relies on machinery for production processes. Efficiency: Both machinery and …
Our results indicate that the core DNA replication machinery from plants is more similar to vertebrates than single-celled yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), suggesting that animal models may be more relevant to plant systems. However, we also uncovered some important differences between plants and vertebrate machinery.
Information about mRNA degradation pathways in multicellular eukaryotes, including plants, is limited by contrast to yeast. Considering the fact that most components for the general mRNA degradation machinery are conserved in eukaryotes, multicellular eukaryotes and yeast are likely to use similar basic mechanisms for mRNA degradation.
Precise cutting of metals, glass, and plastics in various manufacturing sectors. TECHNI Waterjet cutting machines epitomize innovation and quality in the realm of waterjet cutting. With over three decades of engineering excellence, we have developed …
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Unravelling chemical priming machinery in plants: the role of reactive oxygen–nitrogen–sulfur species in abiotic stress tolerance enhancement. ... Plants have developed complex molecular networks that allow them to remember, choose, and make decisions depending on the stress stimulus, although they lack a nervous system. ...
The critical time period between the exogenous application of a chemical agent and the time point at which the primed plant is optimally prepared to face an abiotic stress event is called the 'primed state' (PS; Figure 1).The enhanced tolerance in primed plants under stress is obviously a result of biological procedures triggered during the …
1. Introduction. Rotating machinery, such as the primary coolant pump, condensate pump, feedwater pump and steam turbine, are the key equipment to ensure the stable and safe operation of the entire thermal-hydraulic circulation system in nuclear power plants (NPPs).
Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 7;24(22):16039. doi: 10.3390/ijms242216039. ... progress toward understanding how lipids are degraded and the specific pathways that coordinate LD mobilization in plants, aiming to provide an accurate and detailed outline of the process. ...
These are widely used for the removal of weak soil or rock strata, lifting of soil etc. Fig 4: Bulldozer. 5. Graders. Graders also called as motor …
Overhead Gantry Crane. Overhead gantry cranes (bridge cranes, suspension cranes or overhead travelling cranes) are large pieces of machinery featuring a crane …